| Ardabil Museum
Originally called
Chini Khaneh (Porcelain House), and part of Sheikh Safi Complex, it
was inaugurated as a museum affiliated with the complex in early 1991. The
architectural style of the edifice resembles that of Ali Qapu in Esfahan.
It is an octagonal, domed room with four Shah Neshins (elevated
recesses). The stalactite works in this structure are considered as fine
specimens of the constructional and decorative devices of the Safavid
period.
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Kalkhoran
The 16-century AD
mausoleum of Sheikh Sati's father, Sheikh Jabrail, is in the village
of Kalkhoran 3 km to the north of Ardabil. It is a four-sided
structure with an ivan, two porches and a tiled dome, and is of
particular importance in respect of its plaster stalactite
decorations, plentiful ornamental elements, exceptional tile work,
carvings, and excellent inscriptions.
Repaired in 1621 ADduring the reign of Shah Abbas I, the mausoleum
comprises many other historical tombs all around the courtyard,
including those of Seyed Hamza, Seyed Mohammad Iraqi, and Firuz Shah,
most of whom were among the commanders and dignitaries of the Safavid
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Mausoleum of Sheikh Safi
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Sheikh
Safi's 14th-century tomb in Ali Qapu Square often enlarged and
restored in later centuries, can still be visited. It houses the
mortal remains of Shah Ismail as well as his saintly ancestor, who
is reputed to have foretold the future, spoken to the dead and
rescued those in danger at sea. The tombs are surrounded by finely
engraved wood panels with extraordinarily delicate ivory and
precious metal inlays.The complex of structures known, at present,
as Sheikh Safi's Mausoleum, consists of a portal, a porch, Sheikh
Safi's tomb-chamber, the harem Sheikh Ismail's tomb-chamber, the
Chini Khaneh (china hall), the Shahidgah (martyrdom
site), the Khaneghah (dervish monastery), Qandil Khaneh
(lantern hall), the Jannat Sara Mosque, and others, and
ranks among the finest historical achievement of Iranian art. |
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The burial place
of Sheikh Safi od-pin Ardabili as well as other Safavid kings,
such as Shah Ismail, comprises the tombs of a number of princes,
notables and generals of the Safavid period, including the tomb
attributed to Shah Ismail's mother, and those of Sheikh Sadr od-Din,
Sheikh Junaid, Sultan Heidar and two generals, namely Sultan
Ustajlu and Kurd Beig the latter's tombstone bearing the 1542 AD
date
Apart
from the above structures, the construction of the main portal of
the mausoleum and three domes decorated witexquisfaience tile and
inscripin the and Riqa'scripts, giconsiderable charm and splendor
to this attractive historical monument. The decorative elements of
the complex, both internal and external, consist of paintings,
plaster moldings, stuccos and gold-toned stalactite decorations.
The structure of the Qandil Khaneh stands out among the
rest both from the architectural as well as the plaster points of
view. Sheikh Safi's tomb-chamber is a cylindrical tower capped
with a rather low dome, underneath which an exquisite carved box
bearing an inscription in Riqa' script covers the actual burial
ground. The box is one of the finest movable treasure pieces of
the mausoleum.
The dome of Sheikh Ismail's tomb- chamber is lower than that of
Sheikh Safi, and is decorated on the outside with colorful tiles
and an inscription in Kuffic. Under the dome in the chamber a
fine, costly box rests upon the tomb.
The box on Sheikh Junaid's tomb, together with three other boxes
in the complex, are highly attractive on account of their superb
carvings.
There is a large vaulted hall next to the mausoleum wherein Shah
Abbas the Great stored the collection of jade and porcelain given
to him by the Emperor of China. Each object was placed in a
gold-plated niche cut to size. The gold has worn off and most of
the objects (except about a dozen dishes and receptacles) are now
in Tehran museums.
The oldest part of the complex belongs to the 15th century AD, the
other parts having been gradually added, particularly under Shah
Tahmasp I and Shah Abbas II, who spared no efforts to expand,
beautify and repair the Safavid Kings' eternal resting place.
The most famous of Persian carpets, the so-called "Ardabil Carpet"
(one of a pair) in the Victoria and Albert Museum, was presented
to the mausoleum by Shah Tahmasp in 1539. It was actually made in
Kashan. |
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